Blog post #10

the anther are the male reproductive that rubs pollen onto the stigma.




the ovary is the reproductive organ of a flower.



petal protects the center of a flower.



the stigma receives the pollen during fertilization.

Blog Post Assignment #10

 Brassica oleracea flower

Close up picture of stamen

Close up picture of the stigma 

Another Picture of the Stigma

The ovaries of the flower

In the process of flower reproduction, first, the male part of the flower (stamen) produces pollen, containing the plant's sperm cells. Next, the female part of the plant, the carpel, receives the pollen. Then, nature helps spread the pollen with bees and the wind, and has the pollen travel to different plants. From there, once the pollen gets to other stigmas of other plants, that pollen fertilizes the ovaries in the next plant. 

Blog Post 10

                                  The Male Reproductive organ, or the stamen          The ovaries, where unfertilized
                                this part of the plant creates the pollen, which                          seeds are stored
                                 contains the sperm cells of the plant

The male, anthers, an the female, carpel,                                 The female organ, or the carpel, during reproduction,
this makes a perfect flower.                                                        the pollen, containing the sperm, sticks to the stigma
                                                                                                            on the end of the the carpel, fertilizing the seeds

The way that flowers reproduce is actually quite simple.  The male part of the plant, or the stamen (top left) creates Pollen which contains the plant's sperm cells.  Then, the pollen has to find its way on to the female part, or the carpel, of the same or different plant.  Insects,such as bees, wind, and animals can all do this.  Once the pollen ends up on the stigma of a plat, it fertilizes the ovules inside the ovaries.

This is the entire flower together.

Blog Post Assignment #10

This is a picture of the whole flower.

This is a picture of the a stigma with anthers surrounding it. This is known as a perfect flower because both female and male reproductive organs appear in one flower. Many other flowers have the male and female organs in separate flowers.

This is a picture of the female anatomy of the flower called carpel. The carpel has stalk that is sticky and captures the pollen.

This picture is magnification 40x of the male anatomy of flower called stamen. There are two parts ti the stamen, the antler and filament. The stalk is called the filament and at the end of it is the anther. This is where the male sperm cells are, the male organ produces and releases pollen.

This is a picture of the ovaries, inside contains the ovules. These are the eggs with the female genetic information. When they have pollen, they can fertilize and become seeds.

The process of fertilization in plants depend on the other parts of the flower. without one part the cant fertilize. The the flower contains both male and female organs, this way the flower can pollinate without bees or other pollinators. The female reproductive organs are the ovary, stigma, and pistol. the male reproductive organs are the stamen and pollen. The stamen creates pollen and it has to move to the carpel to be able to fertilize. The stigma is sticky so it can capture the pollen, then the pollen moves to the ovary. There they fertilize and become seeds.

This picture is a 40x magnification of pollen from the flower, they look like jelly seeds. Without this the flower would not be able to fertilize, the pollen contains genetic information for fertilization.

Blog Post Assignment #10

This was our brassica oleracea flower. In this flower contains male and female gametophytes that will allow it to reproduce without having to be dependent on getting the pollen from another plant.

After peeling the petals off of the flower it revealed a stalk, and the tip of the stalk is very fluffy looking and when you touch them yellow dust comes off. These tips are the anthers. They produce male haploid gametophytes and results a yellow-ish dust called pollen.

(All pictures that were taken from the microscope lens are at 40x)

At the center of the flower is a long greenish rod that is higher than most of the stalky filaments that surround it. This green rod is called the stigma, a female reproductive part of the flower which produces female gametophytes.

When you cut open the stigma of the flower you will find the ovaries of the plant. The ovaries contain eggs to create an offspring.

The brassica oleracea plant is very special because it has both the male and female reproductive organs. By having both of the genders in one flower it is able to pollinate itself, and it does not have to rely on other pollinators in nature. Pollen is produced through the anthers and it is collected on the tip of the stigma. The stigma’s tip is sticky so the pollen can be easily collected. Then the pollen goes to the ovaries and fertilizes an egg.

Blog Post Assignment #9

1. Brassica is of one species but many of them can be very different. The leaves of the plants seemed to exhibit the most variation, there were thin, thick, small, big, rough, and smooth. I measured the biggest leaf to be about 16.5 inches and the shortest leaf to be about 1 inch.
2. Even though the plants are all part of one species many of them are very different because of the passing of the genes through generations. Farmers use artificial selection also known as selective breeding too choose the best traits they can get for their plants. They can choose the color, taste, texture, and size. Because of descent of modification farmers can choose what kind of traits they would like their plants to have. Over time when there are more types of plants they can genetically modify them. For example if there was no Brassica Oleracea plant the broccoli wouldn't exist.
3. The color and length of the stems of the Brassica Oleracea seem to be the most consistent even though all of them are very different. Many of the stems were green and few were purple with slight green in them. The length of the cauliflower, brussels, and broccoli plants had similar stem lengths, they were about 12-16 inches. The collards and kohlrabi had short stems that were about 2-4 inches long. The may be the around the same length because the small plants need much space so they dont\'t grow tall for sunlight and water. The taller plants would get their sunlight and water from growing more and taking up less ground space.
4. In order for plant breeders to get characteristics they want for their plants they would cross breed many plants together until they are satisfied with their plant. This would probably be a long process and have many trials and errors but you will get the plant you want if you keep trying. 

Who wants to live a million years

It took me two games to win. I think it took that many tries because of how many possibilities could come out of the options you picked. I think a lot of species will go extinct because there are so many more species that most are just going to die out. The phenotypes I selected were striped, fury, and tall with long necks. This combination helped me win the most games because it was able to protect itself from most thing and gather  food from high places. I think the theoretical creatures would be greatly affected by genetic drift. The land changed a lot. The height, hair, and color I think are the recessive alleles.  

a)fur for cold conditions

b)long legs for hot conditions

c)stripes for new large predator on the scene

d)long neck for new tall food source